The most common scams in recent months

Both cybercrime and traditional fraud are evolving rapidly and affecting citizens, businesses and institutions alike. In recent months, several criminal networks using increasingly sophisticated methods have been dismantled.

Below, we have compiled some of the most common recent scams.:

False investments in AI-driven cryptocurrencies

In April last year, a joint operation by Spain’s National Police and Civil Guard led to the dismantling of a criminal network that was operating under the guise of cryptocurrency investment platforms. The network used fake videos featuring the faces of public figures, generated by artificial intelligence, and placed advertisements on social media.

Dubbed Operation “Coinblack-Wendimine”, the scam left more than 200 victims and resulted in an estimated €19 million of fraud. 

Tip: always check that the investment platform is registered with the CNMV. Furthermore, be wary of promises of quick returns and report them.

SIM swapping fraud

This type of scam involves duplicating the victim’s SIM card by illegally accessing personal data.

Once obtained, criminals access bank accounts, social media, and email accounts using verification codes sent via SMS.

Advanced techniques for phishing, smishing and vishing

Identity theft scams (phishing via email, smishing via SMS, and vishing via phone calls) have increased in frequency and complexity. By 2025, these methods will incorporate artificial intelligence to mimic real voices or generate websites that are virtually indistinguishable from the official ones. Victims often receive messages from banks, public agencies, or courier services.

TIP: Do not provide personal data through unverified means and never click on suspicious links.

Source: La Vanguardia.

Modification of bank details on business invoices

A company in a Spanish city fell victim to fraud after receiving an apparently legitimate invoice with an altered bank account number. The financial loss amounted to €70,000. This type of fraud, known as ‘man in the middle’ in a corporate context, is becoming increasingly prevalent among SMEs.

Preventive measure: always verify any changes to bank details with the supplier over the phone.

Source: Cadena Ser. 

The ‘son in distress’ and ‘fake lawyer’ scams

This type of scam, which particularly targets older people, has seen a sharp resurgence in recent months. The modus operandi is simple: the scammer pretends to be a child or relative in need of urgent money, and contacts the victim via WhatsApp or phone call. In some cases, an alleged lawyer is introduced to lend credibility to the scam.

Recommendation: verify the identity by calling the relative directly or communicating with them through alternative means..

Source: El Correo de Andalucía

These types of crimes demonstrate the high level of sophistication with which criminal networks operate, as well as their technological and social adaptability.

In response, state law enforcement agencies are becoming increasingly specialised, with units focusing on cybercrime, criminal intelligence and economic fraud constantly working to identify, investigate and dismantle these networks.

However, no police strategy can be effective without the collaboration of citizens. Prevention campaigns, rapid reporting and public warnings are key to curbing the spread of these crimes.

Digital education, awareness of warning signs and dissemination of real-life case studies help the population prepare for the most common methods of deception. Security is not only exercised on the streets or in operational environments; it is also built every day through prevention and awareness.